Sunnah and Shiaa in Islam

   Peace be upon you. This small search I have  done to explain the differences between Sunnis and Shiites. And when the anniversary of the year, I mean the doctrine of the early Muslims without political differences. And I will speak only for the Shiites, "duodenal" not all Shia sects of extinct or "Zaidi" The closest communities for the year.

1/1. First, the definition of the Sunnis and the Jama’a :

Different connotations the term idiomatic use as the owners of all his art :

1 - in the Quran and the Sunnah : desirable and delegate , and the obligatory versus Voluntary Prayers , To say jurists : siwaak year unanimously ; any : disagreeable .

2 - Sunnah in the principles of jurisprudence : A Guide to the total body of evidence .

Fundamentalists say : Evidence total agreed : the book, and Sunnah, and consensus .

3 - Sunnah in Hadith science : What was added to the Prophet - peace be upon him - said or done or report, or the recipe congenital or birth defects , and was told : talk more generally of Sunnah, says Shatibi : " called the term Sunnah on what was transferred from the Prophet - peace be upon him - in particular , which did not provide for it in the Holy Quran. "

4 - Sunnah in the books of Sunan and creators : come in exchange for heresy ; Ibn Masood said : " the intent in the year is better than diligent in heresy ".

5 - ySunnah in and wrote beliefs : come in the sense of belief , such as : Book of Sunnah of Imam Ahmad , and Sunnah of Barbharri , and Sunnah of Baghawi , and Sunnah of Khalal .

Ibn Rajab said : " Many of the scientists latecomers for Sunnah in relation to the belief ; because they origin of religion , and where the offender is in great danger .".

6 - Sunnahmore general sense of it all , and is intended to sharia or religion; said Hasan al-Basri and Sufyan in the interpretation of - the Almighty -  ﴿ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلاَ تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاء الَّذِينَ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ [الجاثية: 18] ) (He wants the law of the Order Vatbaha do not follow the whims of those who do not know)(Gatheh : 18 ] , they said : " the year ".

Ibn Taymiyah - may God have mercy on him - " the year is the law , which is laid down by Allah and his messenger of religion".

This is the definition of idiomatic of Sunnah has avoided mention of the linguistic definition is not needed.

1/ 2. Definition Shiites idiomatically

Different views of Oulamas in the definition of the fact Shiites , are summarized in the following words :

He knew all of prevail The senior and his family . As Fayroozabaadi said : ( This name has dominated both the graduate and take his family , until he became a special name for them ) .

 Who graduate and thought « Imamth » text , and the succession of his predecessors were unjustly .

Who preferred to graduate to Osman , God bless them .

Shiites name for each of the preferred high on the Caliphs before him , God bless them all, and felt that the people of the house deserving of succession , succession and other void. The definitions are all non- exhaustive and only one of them .

-Discuss these words :

The first definition : it is not correct , because the Sunnis in charge of graduate and his family , who are against the Shiites .

The second definition : so veto the view of some of the Shia believe that Khalif Omar and Khalif Abou Bakr were good, and some of them stopped in Osman , and take some of them with him as some of the Zaidi mentioned Ibn Hazm .

Then also what it looks like from the palace in the succession only without mentioning his family .

The third definition is true as well; veto including a view of some of the innocence of the Shiites Osman. As said Kathir Azza :

برأت إلى الإله من ابن أروى		ومن دين الخوارج أجمعينا
ومن عمر برئت ومن عتيق		غـداة دعي أمير المؤمنينا

(Acquitted Ibn Arwa to Allah, It is the religion of the all Kharijites, and qcuited Omar and Atiiq, after the day called «  Amir mouminine »)

It remains likely that the definitions of the fourth set , including the definition of the Shia as a community of ideas and opinions believer.

Ihsan Ilahi Zaheer said : The word Shiites are not released unless the followers of the man and his supporters said: flan of Shiites so and so any who like amateur as Zubaidi said : All the people gathered on the order understand the Shia, and all of the collaboration man and partisanship he is Shiite him , originally from Almhayah a plasticity and follow-up . did not use this word in the first era of Islam , but in its original meaning and real this also was not used only to political parties and groups competing in some of the issues relating to governance and the rulers , has been commonly used at different between Mouawiya and Ali , may Allah be pleased with them after the death of Othman, may Allah be pleased with him.

2 / historical section :

Researchers disagree ancient and muhaddathoon in determining the time which showed bias in Islam.

And the time that they set for the emergence of this idea varies between the beginning of Islam after the death of Ali may Allah be pleased with him.

Appeared in different directions to determine the beginning ...

First opinion : Shiism that appeared in the life of the Prophet peace be upon him.

The Shiites are the owners of this trend, they say that the Prophet peace be upon him is the one who planted the seed of Shiism and Shiite appeared in his time; and that there are some companions who Chiawa Ali may Allah be pleased with him and in his time with Ali.

Nobakhti Said « Shiites are the band Ali bin Abi Talib Ali Shiites Muslims in his time, peace be upon him and beyond defined Bannagatah him and say Bamamth them Miqdad and Salman and Abu Dhar and Ammar They are named after the first of Shiism »

Mr Mohammed Amine said « Nominated so that the Shiites of any time of the Prophet »

Mohammed Hocine Al cachif said « The first to put the seed of Shiism developed with a field of Islam is the same as the owner of Islamic law means that the seed of Shiism and placed with the seed of Islam along with irrigation and equally and take care of even grown and bloomed in his life and then paid off after his death »

But Dr Ali Nacher said  « (The big mistake in this attempt he was not in the hands of the Prophet, peace be upon him Shiites and Sunnis have been declared the Koran,    إن الدين عند الله الإسلام "The religion of God is Islam" does not Sunnah or Shiia.

And said  « Islam came to take away our people there Hashemi nor Qureshi nor Timmy or any other preferred not an Arab  but by piety , Did Osman hate Ali? Were did Abu Dhar and Ammar hate Abu Osman? We do not forget Abu Bakr is the one who arrests Ammar Ibn Yasser and he used it then emir There was not a Shiite spiritual not political in the hands of prophecy did not show the word as a term Shia at all during that time

Second opinion : Shiism that appeared after the death of the Prophet peace be upon him.

Because otherwise tomcat posthumously peace be upon him about his successor, peace be upon him and found the group see the legitimacy of Ali may Allah be pleased with him Ichion imam and his companions who are some God bless them all

Proponents of this view of the saw Dr. Ahmed Amin, who is due to start Shiism team companions who love to be saved Ali may Allah be pleased with him and saw most entitled to assume Caliphate is the most famous Salman and Abu Dhar and Miqdad.

An Dr. Mustafa Hilmi saying « and it seems that Dr. Ahmed Amin settled this view of the historical facts that tell about the failure of some people about the allegiance of Abu Bakr where Rawa legitimacy of the succession but a difference of opinion in such a case should not be taken as a sign of the beginning of Shiism because  about Ali then not only united by their love of him and his preference to others not on the basis of  Shiite)

Eight There are some supporters who had been nominated Saad bin Obada to be khalifa to the Muslims Can we say then that this was Shiaa Saad? Absolutely no.

Because that difference is normal, which is one of the requirements of the system in the Shura Council in the understanding of Islam and one of numerous surveyed and separated until they agreed on a succession of Abu Bakr may Allah be pleased with him to be the successor to the Muslims.

Though Ali may Allah be pleased with him has lagged in the first swear allegiance to Abu Bakr concern for the processing of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him in preparation for burial because he knew that Abu Bakr sat allegiance to rush out even pledged allegiance.

Tabari in his career with his isnaad to Habib bin AbiThabit said: « Ali in his house as he came and was told to him had sat Abu Bakr's allegiance went out in shirt whithout Jaket calf in hatred that slows them even pledged allegiance and then sat down to him and sent to his  jaket came to him and his council needed.

Third opinion : Shiism that began in the life of Osman may Allah be pleased with him after his death

Ibn Hazm said « then took Osman and remained twelve years and his death happened and began difference is ordered Raafidis »

 Imam Muhammad Abu Zahra said « The Shi'a phenomenon in the last era of the third Caliph Uthman Ibn Affan has grown and raised in the era of Ali may Allah be pleased with him but did not work on its development.

He said, and that took care of this doctrine is Abdullah bin Saba began his reign in the late Osman, who chaired a total of those who entered in Islam outwardly and inwardly they took harbored disbelief mourn bad for Osman may Allah be pleased with him and remember Ali may Allah be pleased with him well »

Imam Tabari says  « Abdullah bin Sab’a was a Jew from the people of Sana'a became muslim time Osman then transported in a Muslim country is trying to misguidance muslims then began Hijaz Basra and Kufa and Sham was not able to Mairead when one of the people of Sham they cast him until he came to do Umrah.

 Including what he said (to wonder which alleged that Jesus due lie and that Muhammad was due Qallah Almighty  إن الذي فرض عليك القرآن لرادك إلى معاد ) Allah imposition of the Quran to return you hostile to)

Mohammed Ahmed deserving of reference

He was told that his and put them where the irreversibility « Arrajaa »then told them then that he was a prophet and A. Every prophet was Muhammad Ali guardian.

Then he said: Muhammad, the Seal of the prophets and Ali his Wasiy; then told them then: that Osman taken unjustly and this guardian Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him , wake up in this matter and begin challenge on Amraúkm and showed the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice to call people and invite them to this opinion.

Fourth opinion : Shiism that appeared in the succession of Ali may Allah be pleased with him, and after his martyrdom.

It Proponents of this view Ibn al-Nadim, where he said "when Talha and Zubair bucked Ali may Allah be pleased with him , Ali called his companions, may Allah be pleased with him as "Chiatii"

Dr Ali Nechar   commenting on the words of Ibn Nadim former « I see in the words of Ibn Nadim shiite, some hyperbole ».

Fifth opinion : Shiites that emerged after the return of Ali from Safiin in 37 AH

And who sees this opinion His brief Masterpiece Twelver where he says, "and I know that the emergence of this title Shi'a was thirty-seven years of migration and God knows"

This view is supported by Dr. Mohammed El Assal, where he says, commenting (followed by the title of Ali may Allah be pleased with him that day, they are the people of Kufa, which consisted of killing Osman and their families, and to follow Ibn Sab’a nor can any prosecutor claims that the emergence of a wide singled Ali before these

It is known that the faithful was in the reign of his three brothers before him the best support them do advise to God and His Messenger and the Imams of the Muslims and their common folk were not charged around suspicions that his Shiite manifest or hide as well as to have the Shiites are known in the time of the Prophet peace be upon him singled and the successive

This is the reality of history and has claimed the collapse of the Shia Shiism grew up in the era of the Prophet peace be upon him with Islam along

Sixth opinion :  Shiism that emerged after the death of Hussein, may Allah be pleased with him

Dr. Musty Shebi said: « that Shiism has witnessed the start of Islam as the substance and that it appeared to him as a political movement after the disputed Muawiya with Ali may Allah be pleased with him Emirate and management of the affairs of Muslims.

3/ the most important differences between the Sunnis and Ithnaa-Achri ( Shiaa)

3.1 difference of beliefs :   I have seen that it is better to put on the table the differences in easy to understand and have  clear idea

Dispute	Shiaa	Sunnah
العصمة infallibility	To prophets and twelve imamas	Only to prophets
الصحابة Sahaba	Some are just and others are hypocrites or apostate and infidel Some scholars of some of the companions, and they see that some of them are in hell	All of them unbreakable modifying them their love of God and pleased with their duty. They believe that the best people are the prophets after Abu Bakr, then Omar and Ali Osman and then, and then the rest of the companions by preference.
أمهات المؤمنين mothers of the velievers	Believe that Aisha violated the law of God and went out on the front of its time and did not injected into the blood of the Muslims and hurted prophet	Aisha, the mother of believers from the family of the Prophet, and, they love family of the Prophet, and she is his wife in Paradise
الإمامة Imamah	Imamate stipulated specific by God	Imamate is not determined by Allah and that Allah preferred the Imamate kind enough to do on wills of His servants and not private to anyone
الإستغاثة و التوسل Distress and begging	May distress without Allah, and believe that their imams have intercession.	No mode between Allah and His servants, and do not allow prayer for an other person, just to Allah

3.2  the most important fiqh differences

dispute	Shiaa	Sunnah
الخمس Al khoms	Believe that removing the duty on the unbelievers and the money gets eaten by the Muslim Maunth plus about half of the annual go forward, acting as the apostle or the so-called Wali al-Faqih	Believe that removing the duty of infidels only in ore spoils of war
زواج المتعة temporary marriage	It permissible wage	Muharram and consider weight
السجود على التربة الحسينية Prostrate on the soil Husseiniya	Believes Shiites inadmissibility prostration during prayer, but on the ground of sand and stone and dust, as well as on what the earth grows from non-edible nor worn, and prostrate on the clothes, fabrics and bedding from carpets and the like, as well as the metals of copper and silver and gold is not permissible	See the Sunnis and the community that this is the updated things in religion, where the Prophet did not do it nor companions including Ali and Hussein, Allah bless them
وضع اليدين على الصدر في الصلاة Put hands on the chest in prayer	Shiaa don’t believe it’s sunnah	Ahl Sunnah believe it’s sunnah, but left  it does not invalidate the prayer
الأذان Athan	There are extras in the Athan considers it heresy Sunnis may not be behind Athan chanting like  أشهد أن علي ولي الله (I bear witness that  Ali is God's supreme guardian) and حي على خير العمل (neighborhood on the good work(	Athan when the Sunnis is the software, which was known at the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him
ضرب النفس hit ourself	permissible	forbidden

4/How should be treated as a Sunni Muslim Shiites?

Sunni Muslims differ in how to treat the Shiites and each one of them and point of view . But my personal opinion is treated with compassion and good advice and invite them to leave heresy in the best manner . And quoted in the many verses that came in the context of non-believers in Islam . I know very well that there was a strong advances from the creator , but if we look at a good treatment for abuse of good literature in rhetoric and persuasive argument and evidence to show us that the best way to treat them is mercy and compassion . Because a true Muslim loves to enter the largest number of people to paradise . A Muslim does not rejoice in the death of a person never is the religion of Islam . We all know the story of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him with a Jewish neighbor who visited his son in bed and is battling the disease , called him to Islam responded rejoiced Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him great joy .

And evidences from the Quran are alot :

قال الله تعالى مخاطباً النبي محمداً (ص) : (ولو شاء ربّك لآمن مَنْ في الأرض كلّهم جميعاً أفأنت تكره الناس حتى يكونوا مؤمنين )(يونس/99 (Allah said, addressing the Prophet Muhammad (p): (Had your Lord willed to securely into the ground, all of them raise it hates people so they are not insured) (Younis / 99

ويتحدّث القرآن عن بيان النبي نوح (عليه السلام) لقومه إنّ حقائق الدين غير قابلة للإكراه والإلزام والجبر ، فهي عقيدة يقتنع بها العقل، وإيمان تقبله النفوس عن رضاً وقناعة، جاء ذلك في قوله تعالى :
((قال يا قوم أرأيتم إن كنت على بيِّنة من ربِّي وآتاني رحمة من عنده فعُمِّيت عليكم أنلزمكموها وأنتم لها كارهون ) (هود /28 (The Qur'an speaks about the statement of the Prophet Noah (peace be upon him) to his people that the truths of religion are non-coercion and compulsion and algebra, they are convinced by the doctrine of the mind, the soul and faith accepted for satisfaction and conviction, came in the verse:

((O my people said Do you see that you are aware of the Lord came to the mercy of his own Fmat Onlzimkmoha you and you have grudgingly) (HUD / 28)

وما أنت عليهم بجبّار فذكِّر بالقرآن مَن يخاف وعيد )(ق/45) . (

وقال سبحانه : (وما جعلناك عليهم حفيظاً وما أنت عليهم بوكيل )(الأنعام/107) .

و قال تعالى " أدعوا إلى سبيل ربك بالحكمة و الموعضة الحسنة و جادلهم بالتي هي أحسن" ( Allah said, "invite to the way of thy Lord with wisdom and beautiful preaching and argue with them is

better.")

Also on the Sunnis to highlight the extent of their love for the Shiites to the household of the Prophet, peace be upon him, because a lot of the Shiites do not know this and do not realize that we love the people of the house of the Prophet, peace be upon Him more than we love ourselves. And of his household wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

I speech last quote the Prophet, peace be upon him "was sent to complete good morals" we should trat them well treated because if Allah guide your one is better for you than red camels.

The dispute and of his knowledge of the Shiites, it is only for a Sunni Muslim who knows their faith and their books.

Can convince them to mind. I remember a story I heard from one of the imams. That at the time of the Safavid state wanted the governor to evaluate the debate between scientists Shiites and the scientist sunni, scientist sunni when he entered the king's palace, income and his shoes under his armpit, marveled Seated from the disposal of the Sunni world they asked him, "Why do not you leave your shoes outside the hall ?," answered, "I heard that Shiites at the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him were stealing shoes, "replied Shiite scholars" There was no Shiites in the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him "  said the Alim sunni :" so the debate is over "  (They answered themselves by themselves and admitted that there is no Shiites at the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him)

In the end, I pray to Allah to bring together all the Muslims straight and to unite their ranks.

Your Brother «  Amine » from Algeria

References

1.     Holy Quran

2.     Al Qamous al Mohit, Al Azhari

3.     Al fasl fi al milal wa nihal, Ibn Hazm

4.     Firak Moassira, al Awaji

5.     Shiaa wa Tashaoo, Ihsan Ilahi Zahir